Integrated farming systems: from plan to action
January 23, 2023
Overview
Integrated farming systems can be thought of as the sum of all agricultural processes and practices necessary to make a successful farm. They are the behind-the-scenes machinery that help set the stage for powerful action, particularly for community-run farms.
The way that integrated farming systems are set up and managed – for everything from harvesting and distribution of crops to beekeeping and site maintenance – will provide a solid foundation for all the other activities that take place there.
Integrated farming systems are unique in that they bring together different elements of the farming system in a way that benefits the environment and community. This includes the consideration of soil fertility, water management, integrated pest management strategies, integrated crop management, integrated animal husbandry, and community participation in farm planning.
Successful integrated farming systems require a collaborative effort among all stakeholders, including farmers, government agencies, and non-governmental organizations. Such collaboration helps to ensure that the integrated farm plan benefits both the individual farmer and their community.
What key elements are included in an integrated farming system?
An integrated farming system typically includes the following elements: soil fertility management (including integrated soil nutrient and pest management strategies); crop varieties that are well-suited to regional climates and consumption patterns; integrated animal husbandry; integrated irrigation systems; integrated pest control programs; and community involvement in farm planning.
In addition, integrated farming systems may also incorporate the use of green technologies and sustainable practices such as composting and integrated crop rotations. Depending on the level of centralized planning, integrated farming systems can also include the following elements, to be adapted based on the scope and nature of the project:
Farm planning (crop plans, field plans, seed order, greenhouse schedule, planting schedule, season extension)
Equipment purchase and maintenance (seeders, hoes, hand tools, tractors, excavators, tillers)
Infrastructure (storage and processing facilities, tool sheds, fences and compost bins)
Soil and fertility management (organic fertilizers, crop rotation, cover cropping, composting, companion planting, cultivation, drainage, soil tests)
Pest and disease management (insects, diseases, theft and vandalism)
Planting and greenhouse work (seedling trays, maintenance, watering, monitoring, germination)
Landscaping and site maintenance (weeds, maintenance, woodchips, trash, trimming)
Bees (hives, ventilation, insulation, pollination, harvesting, extraction)
Harvest and wash station management (planning, techniques, maps, use of tools and crates, washing crops)
Irrigation needs (planning, water use, pumps, hoses, piping, water boxes, techniques, dripping)
Record-keeping (task lists, field logs, harvest databases)
Relationships, training and services (coordination between cooperatives, demo days, member-led workshops)
Distribution streams (markets, schools, community kitchens, exportation)
Examples of successful integrated farming systems
Integrated farming systems can be effective in improving sustainability, productivity and food security for both farmers and communities. As such, there are a number of examples around the world that demonstrate how integrated farming systems can work successfully in different climates and communities.
For example, in the region of Cariri in Brazil, integrated farming systems have been used to improve the sustainability and productivity of smallholder farms. This integrated system combines perennial crop production (coffee, cocoa, passion fruit and guava) with integrated pest management practices for a large-scale benefit.
In India’s Palampur district, integrated farming systems are being used to improve food security and reduce poverty. This integrated system includes integrated pest management strategies, integrated crop and livestock management, water conservation measures, soil fertility management, and integrated animal husbandry.
In the state of Michoacán in Mexico, integrated farming systems have been implemented to improve rural livelihoods by combining traditional agricultural practices with modern technology. These systems make use of integrated pest management practices, integrated crop and livestock management, integrated irrigation systems and the careful selection of crops to suit the local climate.
Putting a plan into action
Integrated farming systems are an effective way to enable communities to be part of the global food system in a sustainable manner. They provide an opportunity for smallholder farmers to increase their productivity and create more economic opportunities at the local level, all while helping to build long-term resilience for the planet and food security.
VIVACE supports communities, associations and other clients in designing, planning and implementing strategies and practical know-how for integrated farming systems, ensuring that they reflect the shared goals of a community to improve livelihoods and build resilient ecosystems, including through surveys and consultation processes.
We believe that these systems have the potential to reduce poverty and hunger in many communities around the world, and can be designed in a way to restore biodiversity and ecosystems. In order to do so successfully, systems need to be integrated into existing farm plans and involve the community in order to ensure their success. By doing so, integrated farming systems can have a positive impact on local economies and families.
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